Dutiyavivādamūla sutta: Roots of Dispute (2nd)

“Sir, how many roots of dispute are there?”

“Upāli, there are ten roots of disputes. What ten? It’s when a mendicant explains what is not an offense as an offense, and what is an offense as not an offense. They explain a light offense as a heavy offense, and a heavy offense as a light offense. They explain a grave offense as a minor offense, and a minor offense as a grave offense. They explain a curable offense as an incurable offense, and an incurable offense as a curable offense. They explain an offense requiring amends as an offense not requiring amends, and an offense not requiring amends as an offense requiring amends. These are the ten roots of dispute.”